Archive for category: Bookkeeping

At the same time, these are the main reasons why many employees transition to independent contractors. Talented graphic artist with 3+ years of experience in creating innovative graphic projects for different purposes. Seeking to join Lionpix to power the Graphic Design team with exceptional artistry and digital savviness.

Tips to help you write your Accounting Assistant resume in 2024

An email that incorporates your name is advisable for a polished appearance. Additionally, consider adding links to your LinkedIn profile or professional portfolio to provide further insight into your capabilities. Remember to obtain permission from your references before listing them to ensure they are prepared to provide a positive endorsement.

Resume Examples & Samples

• I’m an experienced accounting professional with over six years of experience and a strong set of skills that’s easily applicable in any industry.
• If you’re seeking an accounting job, you need a resume that shows you have the right skills for the job.
• By focusing on these key elements and tailoring your resume to the specific job and company, you’ll present a compelling case for why you’re the ideal candidate for a General Contractor position.
• If you seek advice on marketing yourself to employers, no matter your recruitment stage, you’ve come to the right place.

Talk about how you’ve successfully managed expenses, conducted account analyses, and worked on project teams. Make sure to also list your software proficiencies (such as QuickBooks and Oracle) and other hard skills in a separate skills section. Staff accountants keep track of and oversee all financial records in an organization, including balance sheets and cash flow, equity, and income statements. They must record transactions conduct the billing processes, and help stakeholders make more informed decisions regarding year budgets or new projects.

Top Independent Contractor Resume Skills for 2022

You can use this as a reference as to what metrics and accomplishments to include in your resume. By following these key takeaways for an independent contractor resume, you can ensure that your resume stands out from the competition and helps you to secure the position. Investing the time and effort into creating a strong resume will leave a positive impression with potential employers, and increase your chances of success in your independent contractor endeavors. When seeking employment as an independent contractor, having a strong resume is key to success. As an independent contractor, you’re seeking to demonstrate to potential employers that you are the ideal choice for an independent contractor position, and a well-crafted resume can help you do that. By including these skills, you will be able to demonstrate to potential employers that you have the skills and experience necessary to be an effective independent contractor.

Skills you can include on your Senior Accountant / Accounting Executive resume

Generally, payroll accountants have a bachelor’s degree in finance or administration. Keep in mind that it’s important to demonstrate your knowledge of relevant tax laws on your resume. When you have less employment history under your belt, highlight any internships you’ve done in accounting or finance. These positions are valuable because they teach you similar skills to what you might learn in an accounting job.

Skills For Management Accountant, Month Contract Resume

• As the name suggests, as a project accountant you will be responsible for handling and monitoring the finances of a project.
• To help make sure your resume stands out, review the list below of what you should not include on your job application.
• Byshowcasing your relevant skills and experience, you can make a compelling case for why you’re the bestcandidate for the job.
• If you want to prove to a company that you’re an excellent accountant, you’ll want to focus on numbers.
• Tasks you can expect include preparing financial reports, handling payroll, creating and updating financial statements, etc.
• They are responsible for ensuring that payments are processed efficiently, on time, and following legal regulations.

When writing your resume bullet points, consider leading with verbs such as “conducted”, “streamlined”, and “spearheaded” to underscore the impact of your successes. Verbs like these ones show that you are proactive and take your career seriously. Ensure to highlight any accomplishments or roles where you’ve demonstrated these qualities. For example, you could mention the percentage of accuracy achieved in your previous role or any error reduction initiatives you’ve spearheaded. Next to your formal education, make sure you include any additional certifications like the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) or the Chartered Tax Advisor (CTA).

Senior Tax Accountant Resume

Mention your experience in QuickBooks, SAP, Oracle Financials, or any proprietary software you used. You’re a rock-star consultant who can spot process flaws and opportunities that spark a sea change. We’ll help you balance the books and get back in the black with a cover letter for accounting jobs the CFO will admire. If you’re tempted to accountant for independent contractor add a hobbies and interests section to your resume, first ask yourself whether your interests are relevant to accounting, and/or to the job and employer. Note how each of the bullet points starts with an impactful verb with consistent use of the same tense. This makes the job description easier to follow and lends it a professional air.

independent contractor Job Descriptions; Explained

Tasks you can expect include preparing financial reports, handling payroll, creating and updating financial statements, etc. Your resume must show recruiters your skills in accounting as well as a strong accounting background, Take a look at this resume sample. Technical skills are a set of specialized abilities and knowledge required to perform a particular jobeffectively. Select your desired resume template, once you reach the skillssection of the builder, manually write in the skill or simply click on “Add more skills”.

• Filed payroll tax and sales tax for over 50 international customers each month.
• You should showcase your ability to manage several team members with varying responsibilities on your resume.
• Be sure to include any instances where you had to quickly adjust to new technologies, strategies, or working practices.
• You should demonstrate your impact on the bottom line in your accountant resume.

Other useful features include minimum wage alerts, automatic salary adjustments, and assurance that you meet minimum wage requirements. In addition, it offers access to basic employee training programs and many other features that other payroll systems don’t provide. OnPay is excellent for human resource payroll with HR-focused tools, including tools for employee offer letters, Social Security and Medicare, and benefits administration. HR software gives you secure, mobile-friendly portals for workers to access benefits, employee handbooks, and company information. Send links to online training modules, and you can confirm when each worker completes the course.

• If you already use Toast POS for your restaurant and want to keep all your employee and financial data in one place, Toast Payroll is an excellent choice.
• For cash tips, it will calculate the taxes but not include the tip in the employees’ actual pay, since they already received the money as cash.
• When key ingredients run low and absenteeism leaves you short staffed, nearby franchise locations can help each other out.
• ADP integrates with the best restaurant POS systems to help businesses create linked system for managing credit card tips and payroll.
• This is a technical review that relies on compiled literature researched from relevant databases.

Square Payroll

Using the providers on our list, the average starting price for payroll software is $36.50 per month plus $5.83 per employee per month. Based on our survey results, usability is the most important factor to 16% of HR software users. The solution should be easy for managers to review and approve payroll runs, especially if they aren’t human resources or payroll experts. Employee self-service should also be straightforward, making it easy for workers to view pay stubs, access tax forms and clock in and out. Wave is a financial management tool for small businesses with a payroll processor to pay employees and contractors.

of American employees say their company does a good job of onboarding

There are also add-ons for things like time-tracking, benefits, and integrations. What you get out of ADP will depend on what plan you choose, but ADP offers just about anything you could possibly want from your payroll software. Gusto’s features set is also tiered, but its Simple plan is very generous for the price. The Plus plan, which is not much more expensive, gives you access to time tracking and PTO. Gusto’s pricing ranges from $40/month + $6 per employee to $80/month + $12 per employee. The software’s Premium plan offers custom pricing for growing businesses.

• Manage the employee experience-from recruitment to retirement-with a comprehensive, single sign-on Human Resource software platform.
• It also helped the software earn a 3.8/5 star rating in our Homebase review.
• CheckMark provides businesses with flexible and convenient options for paying their employees, whether they prefer to use traditional check printing or direct deposit.
• She started her career writing and editing content about home services before transitioning to home improvement products.
• By assessing these factors, restaurant businesses can choose the best payroll software to support their staff, improve their accuracy and streamline their payroll processes.
• Its feature-rich platform and analytics are just some of the factors that earned this software high ratings (4 and up) for HR, payroll, and reporting tools.

Paychex Flex

This voice-activated tool, which works on any Google Assistant-compatible device, comes with built-in verification and artificial intelligence (AI) solutions for user authentication. You can start a new pay period, make adjustments, or continue a pay run that’s already in progress—without having to manually log in to your Paychex Flex account. Restaurants, especially ones that operate seasonally, can have a high turnover rate, payroll for restaurants which means owners spend a lot of time filling out required state new-hire paperwork. Many payroll services automate this process, making sure all the appropriate forms for the state you do business in are filed promptly. An online and mobile employee portal allows your staff to keep track of the hours they’ve worked and access year-end tax forms. Some can even let employees check in and out of work and request time off.

Customer support

However, if you want to get the most bang for your buck, choose a do-it-all platform that handles scheduling and time tracking, too. Therefore, Paycor is best suited for large, multi-location businesses with very complex reporting needs. These establishments often need more customization and scalability in their payroll software. And Paycor’s powerful reporting tools help owners make informed decisions.

• By closing skills gaps and training for multiple roles, flexible workers make your restaurant more adaptable.
• Spend more time interacting with patrons than sifting through paperwork in a back office.
• While Wave Payroll can calculate the tax amounts for you and even withhold them from your employees’ paychecks, you’ll have to go through the trouble of submitting the forms on your own.
• It bundles paycheck processing and payroll tax filing with shift scheduling, onboarding, employee benefits administration and hiring tools.
• This is where you find live guidance from certified HR professionals, an employee e-learning platform, an employee handbook builder and compliance alerts.

HR software opens up new options for pre-onboarding, allowing for key paperwork (and even training) to be completed remotely and beforehand. Reporting is just as powerful for managing staff, policies, and individual performance. Use HR software to go beyond traditional reporting with actionable insights that will better prepare you to make informed decisions about your restaurant. Diminish skill gaps and develop your workforce with consistent virtual education. Assign tasks & conduct performance reviews easier than ever for employees & managers.

Explore the possibilities of industry-leading technology & exceptional customer care with Netchex.

Integration with time clock software also helps you keep better track of overtime and attendance. In addition, you get better value for money if you use Square POS in your restaurant since this software directly integrates with it. Plus, you get access to Square’s timecard integration for free—allowing you to track employee attendance seamlessly and easily. We collaborate with business-to-business vendors, connecting them with potential buyers. In some cases, we earn commissions when sales are made through our referrals.

It’s also important to make sure your payroll software is easy to use and can scale up as your business grows. SurePayroll is a small business payroll provider that restaurant owners can use to automate wage and tax calculations and employee direct deposit payments. But, the base plan is at a steep discount to make up for this, which might make it a good option for restaurant owners who are comfortable handling the filing on their own. With ADP Run specifically, restaurants can automate payroll processing, tax filing and new hire reporting.

Because in the event of insolvency, the amount salvaged by shareholders is derived from the remaining assets, which is essentially the stockholders’ equity. Also known as Owner’s Equity, is the total amount of assets remaining after deducting all liabilities from the company. Owner’s equity is one of the three components of the accounting equation so understanding its basics is a key step for beginners who are learning accountancy. Remember to recalculate your owner’s equity regularly, as it can change with fluctuations in your assets and liabilities.

Difference between Assets and Equity

1. Assets represent the valuable resources controlled by a company, while liabilities represent its obligations.
2. We can apply this knowledge to our personal investment decisions by keeping various debt and equity instruments in mind.
3. If we add up all assets in a business and subtract any amount borrowed from creditors, we are left with the owner’s equity.
4. It may also be known as shareholder’s equity or stockholder’s equity if the business is structured as an LLC or a corporation.
5. Owner’s equity is increased by each partner’s capital contributions (their investment in the partnership) and profit shares, and decreased by partner withdrawals and the partnership’s collective debts.
6. Owner’s equity represents the owner’s investment in the business minus the owner’s draws or withdrawals from the business plus the net income (or minus the net loss) since the business began.

The shareholders’ equity number is a company’s total assets minus its total liabilities. However, if you’ve structured your business as a corporation, accounts like retained earnings, treasury stock, and additional paid-in capital could also be included in your balance sheet. For a sole proprietorship or partnership, the value of equity is indicated as the owner’s or the partners’ capital account on the balance sheet. The balance sheet also indicates the amount of money taken out as withdrawals by the owner or partners during that accounting period. Owner’s equity is a financial metric that represents the residual claim on assets that remains after all liabilities have been settled.

Ensure your SMB is in good financial standing

This straightforward relationship between assets, liabilities, and equity is considered to be the foundation of the double-entry accounting system. That is, each entry made on the debit side has a corresponding entry (or coverage) on the credit side. So you can think of owner’s equity as the net worth of a business to its owners resulting from their capital investment and business profits. However, because creditors have a legal preference over business owners in receiving payments, the owners need to know how much of the total assets of a business exceed its debt. An owner’s equity total that increases year to year is an indicator that your business has solid financial health.

As a core concept in modern accounting, this provides the basis for keeping a company’s books balanced across a given accounting cycle. Owner’s equity is a crucial component of a company’s balance sheet that represents the residual claim on assets that remains after all liabilities have been settled. This metric provides valuable insights into a company’s ownership structure and financial position. When a company has negative owner’s equity and the owner takes draws from the company, those draws may be taxable as capital gains on the owner’s tax return. For that reason, business owners should monitor their capital accounts and try not to take money from the company unless their capital account has a positive balance.

With a sole proprietorship, the owner’s total investment in the business and the business’s net earnings add to the owner’s equity. Subtracted from this are any personal withdrawals made by the owner and any outstanding business debts. Think of equity ownership as the true measure of your business’s net worth, an important indicator of its financial health and potential. It reflects the real value that you, as a business owner, have built up over time — a dynamic number that evolves with your business. Although the balance sheet always balances out, the accounting equation can’t tell investors how well a company is performing. Retained earnings are a component of shareholder equity and represent the percentage of net earnings that are not distributed to shareholders as dividends.

Get in Touch With a Financial Advisor

Owner’s equity is calculated by adding up all of the business assets and deducting all of its liabilities. Owner’s equity can be negative if the business’s liabilities are greater than its assets. In this case, the owner may need to invest additional money to cover the shortfall.

But it’s important to note that these terms are essentially interchangeable. For the past 52 years, Harold Averkamp (CPA, MBA) hasworked as an accounting supervisor, manager, consultant, university instructor, and innovator in teaching accounting online. For the past 52 years, Harold Averkamp (CPA, MBA) has worked as an accounting supervisor, manager, consultant, university instructor, and innovator in teaching accounting online.

For a company keeping accurate accounts, every business transaction will be represented in at least two of its accounts. For instance, if a business takes a loan from a bank, the borrowed money will be reflected in its balance sheet as both an increase in the company’s assets and an increase in its loan liability. Positive shareholder equity indicates that the company’s assets exceed its liabilities, whereas negative shareholder equity suggests that its liabilities exceed its assets. This is cause for concern because it marks the value of a company after investors and stockholders have been paid. Owner’s equity is the value of assets left in a business after subtracting the amount of its liabilities. For example, if the total assets of a business are worth $50,000 and its liabilities are $20,000, the owner’s equity in that business is $30,000, which is the difference between the two amounts.

The difference between total assets and total liabilities on the stockholders’ equity statement is usually measured monthly, quarterly, or annually. It can be found on the balance sheet, one of three essential financial documents for all small businesses. The owner’s equity is recorded on the balance sheet at the end of the accounting period of the business. The accounting equation is based on the premise that the sum of a company’s assets is equal to its total liabilities and shareholders’ equity.

For example, it doesn’t tell us whether a business is profitable or not, what its operating margin is, or whether it produces positive operating cash flow. In addition, owner’s equity is also commonly known as “book value,” especially when referring to a company on a per-share basis. For example, if owner’s equity in a company is $10 million and there are 1 million outstanding shares of stock, you could say that the book value per share is $10. Matt is a Certified Financial Planner™ and investment advisor based in Columbia, South Carolina.

The additional paid-in capital refers to the amount of money that shareholders have paid to acquire stock above the stated par value of the stock. It is calculated by getting the difference between the par value of common stock and the par value of preferred stock, the selling price, and the number of newly sold shares. A negative owner’s equity occurs when the value of liabilities exceeds the value of assets.

Owner’s equity is essentially the owner’s rights to the assets of the business. It’s what’s left over for the owner after you’ve subtracted all the liabilities from the assets. One of the most important (and underrated) lines in your financial statements is owner’s equity. It’s important to note when it comes to publicly traded companies that owner’s equity and market capitalization (market cap) are two very different concepts.

The value and its factors can provide financial auditors with valuable information about a company’s economic performance. Someone on our team will connect you with a financial professional in our network holding the correct designation and expertise. Our mission is to empower readers with the most factual and reliable financial information possible to help them make informed decisions for their individual needs. Our goal is to deliver the most understandable and comprehensive explanations of financial topics using simple writing complemented by helpful graphics and animation videos. Our team of harvest accounting reviewers are established professionals with decades of experience in areas of personal finance and hold many advanced degrees and certifications. At Finance Strategists, we partner with financial experts to ensure the accuracy of our financial content.

What is owner’s equity?

11 Financial may only transact business in those states in which it is registered, or qualifies for an exemption or exclusion from registration requirements. 11 Financial’s website is limited to the dissemination of general information pertaining to its advisory services, together with access to additional investment-related information, publications, and links. Here’s how to calculate gross, operating, and net profit margins and what they can tell you about your business. We provide third-party links as a convenience and for informational purposes only. Intuit does not endorse or approve these products and services, or the opinions of these corporations or organizations or individuals. Intuit accepts no responsibility for the arredondo & cabriales llc accuracy, legality, or content on these sites.

It is also an important metric to analyze its growth opportunities, since a company needs to reinvest the money to grow. http://www.refsua.com/referat-3361-1.html can be used to shore up finances by paying down debt or adding to cash savings. They can be used to expand existing operations, such as by opening a new storefront in a new city.

Management and Retained Earnings

There’s less pressure to provide dividend income to investors because they know the business is still getting established. If a young company like this can afford to distribute dividends, investors will be pleasantly surprised. If a company issued dividends one year, then cuts them next year to boost retained earnings, that could make it harder to attract investors.

Significance of retained earnings in attracting venture capital

Net income is the accounting income of a company after deducting the cost of operating its business and its cost of debt. To compare the retained earnings of different companies, it is useful to calculate retained earnings per share. Any investors—if the new company has them—will likely expect the company to spend years focusing the bulk of its efforts on growing and expanding.

• 11 Financial is a registered investment adviser located in Lufkin, Texas.
• The company typically maintains a retention ratio in the 70-75% range.
• Increasing Retained Earnings suggest that a company is saving more of its profits for future growth or to strengthen its financial position.
• Now, you must remember that stock dividends do not result in the outflow of cash, in fact, what the company gives to its shareholders is an increased number of shares.

Revenue vs. net profit vs. retained earnings

Most companies may argue that an idle retained earnings balance that is not being deployed over the long-term is inefficient. Retained Earnings is a critical financial metric that reveals the cumulative net earnings a company has retained over time, rather than distributed as dividends to shareholders. This amount represents the company’s profits that have been reinvested in the business. Retained earnings represent the total profit to date minus any dividends paid.Revenue is the income that goes into your business from selling goods or services. That’s distinct from retained earnings, which are calculated to-date. Cash payment of dividends leads to cash outflow and is recorded in the books and accounts as net reductions.

How to prepare a statement of retained earnings

• Other comprehensive income includes items not shown in the income statement but which affect a company’s book value of equity.
• Between 1995 and 2012, Apple didn’t pay any dividends to its investors, and its retention ratio was 100%.
• Similarly, if your company incurs a net loss in the current accounting period, it would reduce the balance of retained earnings.
• It involves paying out a nominal amount of dividends and retaining a good portion of the earnings, which offers a win-win.
• Traders who look for short-term gains may also prefer dividend payments that offer instant gains.

https://magazin-prostavok.ru/okruga/cao/ploschad-revoljutsii/ offer internally generated capital to finance projects, allowing for efficient value creation by profitable companies. However, note that the above calculation is indicative of the value created with respect to the use of retained earnings only, and it does not indicate the overall value created by the company. For an analyst, the absolute figure of retained earnings during a particular quarter or year may not provide any meaningful insight. Observing it over a period of time (for example, over five years) only indicates the trend of how much money a company is adding to retained earnings. Retained earnings appear under the shareholder’s equity section on the liability side of the balance sheet, and often companies will show this as a separate line item. When your business earns a surplus income you have two alternatives, you can either distribute surplus income as dividends or reinvest the same as retained earnings.

http://btet.ru/uz/residence-permit-in-russia/ispaniya-strana-kakogo-mira-toledo-drevnyaya-stolica-ispanii/ appear on the balance sheet under the shareholders’ equity section. You don’t have to work for a giant corporation to know and understand your business’s retained earnings. This calculation will give you the data to know what portion of your profits can be set aside to be reinvested in your business.Retained earnings are also much more than just a number. They’re like a link between your income statement (aka your profile and loss statement) and your balance sheet. Retained earnings are recorded under shareholders’ equity, showing how these earnings can be used as a tool to generate growth. That’s your beginning retained earnings, profits or losses for the period, and your dividends paid.

Is there any other context you can provide?

However, it is more difficult to interpret a company with high retained earnings. Stock dividends are paid out as additional shares as fractions per existing shares to the stockholders. This money can partly be distributed as dividends to the stockholders, while also being reinvested for business growth. Retained earnings represent the portion of your company’s net income that remains after dividends have been paid to your shareholders, and is reinvested or ‘ploughed back’ into the company. Yes, retained earnings carry over to the next year if they have not been used up by the company from paying down debt or investing back in the company. Beginning retained earnings are then included on the balance sheet for the following year.

This may indicate that the company doesn’t need to invest very much additional capital to continue to be profitable, which often means the extra funds are distributed to shareholders through dividends. If your company pays dividends, you subtract the amount of dividends your company pays out of your retained earnings. Let’s say your company’s dividend policy is to pay 50 percent of its net income out to its investors. In this example, $7,500 would be paid out as dividends and subtracted from the current total. From a more cynical view, even positive growth in a company’s retained earnings balance could be interpreted as the management team struggling to find profitable investments and opportunities worth pursuing. They are a measure of a company’s financial health and they can promote stability and growth.

Retained Earnings: Everything You Need to Know for Your Small Business

• These reduce the size of a company’s balance sheet and asset value as the company no longer owns part of its liquid assets.
• The retention ratio may change from one year to the next, depending on the company’s earnings volatility and dividend payment policy.
• This can include everything from opening new locations to expanding existing ones.
• For an analyst, the absolute figure of retained earnings during a particular quarter or year may not provide any meaningful insight.
• Although most mature companies enforce a stable dividend policy, most companies have their directors dictate how much in dividend payments to distribute and how much money to reinvest.

This article breaks down everything you need to know about retained earnings, including its formula and examples. We have written this article to help you understand what retained earnings is and how to calculate it using the retained earnings formula. We are also determined to help you understand the retained earnings definition and concept by showing you some examples. This means that Elena currently has $97,000 in retained earnings, a fair amount to reinvest in her business, and a good sign of future growth to her potential investors. To better explain the retained earnings calculation, we’ll use a realistic retained earnings example. Let’s say that a marketer named Elena is looking to expand her agency, but needs to provide some information about retained earnings to attract new investment.

Real Company Example: Coca-Cola Retained Earnings Calculation

This can be so when net losses for a current period exceed the beginning balance or when major distributions of dividends have caused a similar deficit. Retained earnings at the beginning of the period are actually the previous year’s retained earnings. This can be found in the balance of the previous year, under the shareholder’s equity section on the liability side. In our example, December 2023 is the current year for which retained earnings need to be calculated, so December 2022 would be the previous year. Meaning the retained earnings balance as of December 31, 2022 would be the beginning period retained earnings for the year 2023.

Retained Earnings Formula and Calculation

In between the opening and closing balances, the current period net income/loss is added and any dividends are deducted. This helps complete the process of linking the 3 financial statements http://www.byours.com/listakol658.htm in Excel. Distribution of dividends to shareholders can be in the form of cash or stock. Cash dividends represent a cash outflow and are recorded as reductions in the cash account.

A strong retained earnings figure suggests that a company is generating profits and reinvesting them back into the business, which can lead to increased growth and profitability in the future. Retained earnings offer valuable insights into a company’s financial health and future prospects. When a business earns a surplus income, it can either distribute the surplus as dividends to shareholders or reinvest http://www.toolshell.org/top-clocks.html the balance as retained earnings. You’ll want to find the financial statements section of a company’s annual report in order to find a company’s retained earnings balance and all the supporting figures you’ll need to complete the calculation. The main difference between retained earnings and profits is that retained earnings subtract dividend payments from a company’s profit, whereas profits do not.

Retained Earnings are reported on the balance sheet under the shareholder’s equity section at the end of each accounting period. To calculate RE, the beginning RE balance is added to the net income or reduced by a net loss and then dividend payouts are subtracted. A summary report called a statement of retained earnings is also maintained, outlining the changes in RE for a specific period. By subtracting the cash and stock dividends from the net income, the formula calculates the profits a company has retained at the end of the period.

A Fed Rate Cut Finally Happened For the First Time in 4 Years. Here’s How the Decision Will Affect Your Wallet.

• You can track your company’s retained earnings by reviewing its financial statements.
• Yes, having high retained earnings is considered a positive sign for a company’s financial performance.
• It is the opposite of the payout ratio, which measures the percentage of profit paid out to shareholders as dividends.
• Where profits may indicate that a company has positive net income, retained earnings may show that a company has a net loss depending on the amount of dividends it paid out to shareholders.

If the company had a market value of $2 million before the stock dividend declaration, it’s market value still is $2 million after the stock dividend is declared. Companies may pay out either cash or stock dividends, and in the case of cash dividends they result in an outflow of cash and are paid on a per-share basis. The https://aviakassir.info/forum/discuss/23145-at-royal-air-maroc-agent-debit-memo-policy.html calculates the balance in the retained earnings account at the end of an accounting period.